趙元新

Owen Y. Chao

Lab Introduction & Major Research Interests

My research investigates the neural circuitry underlying behavior, with a particular focus on the cerebellum and its interactions with cortical and subcortical networks. I examine how circuit-level imbalances give rise to autism-related behavioral deficits, with an emphasis on impairments in social cognition.
Using autism-relevant transgenic mouse models, I pursue a multi-scale experimental strategy that integrates targeted circuit manipulation, in vivo neural activity monitoring, and quantitative behavioral analysis. My work combines optogenetics, chemogenetic, fiber photometry (in vivo calcium imaging), pharmacology, molecular approaches, and behavioral assays, complemented by brain-wide functional connectivity mapping.
I have identified excessive inhibitory drive within cerebellar cortical circuits, leading to reduced Purkinje cell firing, as a key mechanism contributing to autistic-like behaviors. Importantly, enhancing Purkinje neuron activity is sufficient to rescue these behavioral deficits. In parallel, I demonstrate that selective excitation of cerebellar cortical interneurons disrupts social recognition memory, particularly during the retrieval phase, and is accompanied by disorganization of large-scale brain networks.
Together, these findings establish the cerebellum as an active regulator of social cognition rather than a purely motor structure, and identify cerebellar circuit tuning as a mechanistically grounded entry point for therapeutic intervention in psychiatric disorders.

Recent Representative Publication ( * corresponding author)

1. Chao OY, Pathak SS, Zhang H, Augustine GJ, Christie JM, Kikuchi C, Taniguchi H, Yang YM (2023) Social memory deficit caused by dysregulation of the cerebellar vermis. Nature Communications 14: 6007.

2. Chao OY, Nikolaus S, Yang YM, Huson JP (2022) Neuronal circuitry for recognition memory of object and place in rodent models. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 141: 104855.

3. Chao OY, Fernandez de Velasco EM, Pathak SS, Maitra S, Zhang H, Duvick L, Wickman K, Orr HT, Hirai H, Yang YM (2020) Targeting inhibitory cerebellar circuitry to alleviate behavioral deficits in a mouse model for studying idiopathic autism. Neuropsychopharmacology 45: 1159-1170.

4. Yang YM, Arsenault J, Bah A, Krzeminski M, Fekete A, Chao OY, Pacey LK, Wang A, Forman-Kay J, Hampson DR, Wang LY (2020) Identification of a molecular locus for normalizing dysregulated GABA release from interneurons in the Fragile X brain. Molecular Psychiatry 25: 2017-2035.

5. Chao OY, Pathak SS, Zhang H, Dunaway N, Li JS, Mattern C, Nikolaus S, Huston JP, Yang YM (2020) Altered dopaminergic pathways and therapeutic effects of intranasal dopamine in two distinct mouse models of autism. Molecular Brain 13: 111.